Maps • Bobruisk • An architectural monument

Дом Дайон

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Babrujsk, Sacyjalistychnaja vulica, 103к1

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Babrujsk, Sacyjalistychnaja vulica, 103к1

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Виктор Иванович

Level 30 Local Expert

This large two—story stone house on the corner of Muravyevskaya and Policenskaya Streets (today Socialist and K. Liebknecht Streets) was built by the Dayon family (before the 1918 reform, the family name was written as Daion). The head of the family, Meshel Itskov Dayon, was engaged in the manufacture trade and built a wooden house on the central street of the city back in the 1880s. The construction of a new stone house required significant funds, so the owner, Malka Khaimova Dayon, issued a loan from the Vilna Land Bank, and later insured all her real estate in the St. Petersburg Insurance Company Nadezhda. However, 1902 turned out to be a tragic year for the family. In March, Meshel Itskov Dayon died, and in April, during a major urban fire, all the wooden buildings in the courtyard burned down, everything inside the stone house burned out, and even the iron roof survived only partially. The insurance company paid Malka Khaimova compensation for the damage, after which her management filed a lawsuit with the Minsk District Court against the Libavo-Romenskaya Railway, which was accused of causing the fire. The case file, which is stored in the historical archive of Belarus, contains an insurance policy dated 1901, which provides detailed information about the house: the year of construction is 1899, the layout of the buildings, 22 rooms with wooden partitions, papered and painted from the inside, 56 double—leaf and 4 single-leaf doors, as well as two balconies. Despite the insurance payment, Malka Khaimova had to invest a lot of money in major repairs, purchase of furniture and necessary equipment for a large house. In 1903, Malka Khaimova Dayon was included in the lists of Bobruisk merchants of the 1st guild. On the ground floor of her house there is a cloth and manufactory store and a pharmacy of pharmacist Ilya Sventitsky. Ten years later, the pharmacy of Dr. Nikolai (Notel) Veniaminovich Raigrodsky operates here, which is rented by pharmacist Kushel Girshev Roginsky, and Zelik, the middle son of the hostess, becomes an assistant at the pharmacy. Several rooms on the lower floor are occupied by the St. Petersburg Insurance Company (whose agent was the eldest son Chaim) and the Rus insurance company, where Itsko's youngest son, Ayzik, serves. The second floor is occupied by the owners themselves, and doctors also rent apartments: women's doctor Alexander Abramovich Paperno and dentist Noson Nosonov Livshits. Dr. Paperno, respected in the city and a member of various charitable societies, including the League against Tuberculosis, saw patients from 9 to 12 and from 17 to 19 hours. At the end of the First World War, the second—floor apartments were occupied by other doctors, Ilya Mikhailovich Flekel and Lipman Abelevich Shatenstein. The year 1918 became sad for the family again: Malka Khaimova became seriously ill, and at the end of the year, the supply department of the Bobruisk Revolutionary Committee requisitioned all the goods from the store and warehouse, after which the house was nationalized. By that time, there were no heirs of the Dion family left in the city. In the 1920s, when Bobruisk became the center of the district, the building was occupied by the district militia and the criminal investigation department. During the interwar period, police officers used to come here to serve. At the end of the Great Patriotic War, during the retreat of the Nazis, the house was again damaged by fire and left without a roof. After major repairs in the late 1940s, the building was transferred to the House of Printing, later to the printing house named after A.T. Nepogodin. In the summer of 1948, the editorial office of the Bobruisk regional newspaper Savetskaya Radzima was located here, and after the region was abolished, the editorial office of the Kamunist newspaper was located there.

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